Importance: Although the benefits of leisure-time physical activity LTPA in middle age are established, the health effects of long-term participation and changes in LTPA between adolescence and middle age have not been documented. Objective: To determine whether an association exists between LTPA life course patterns and mortality.
Data analysis was conducted from March through February Exposures: Self-reported LTPA hours per week at the baseline interview for ages grouped as 15 to 18, 19 to 29, 35 to 39, and 40 to 61 years. Main outcomes and measures: All-cause, cardiovascular disease CVD -related, and cancer-related mortality records available through December 31, Results: Of participants, Ten LTPA trajectories categorized as maintaining, increasing, and decreasing LTPA across time were identified, and 71 deaths due to all causes, 22 deaths due to CVD, and 16 deaths due to cancer occurred.
Compared with participants who were consistently inactive throughout adulthood, participants who maintained the highest amount of LTPA in each age period were at lower risks for all-cause, CVD-related, and cancer-related mortality.
For example, compared with participants who were consistently inactive, maintaining higher amounts of LTPA was associated with lower all-cause hazard ratio [HR], 0. Adults who were less active throughout most of the adult life course but increased LTPA in later adulthood years of age also had lower risk for all-cause HR, 0. Conclusions and relevance: Maintaining higher LTPA levels and increasing LTPA in later adulthood were associated with comparable low risk of mortality, suggesting that midlife is not too late to start physical activity.
Inactive adults may be encouraged to be more active, whereas young adults who are already active may strive to maintain their activity level as they get older. Abstract Importance: Although the benefits of leisure-time physical activity LTPA in middle age are established, the health effects of long-term participation and changes in LTPA between adolescence and middle age have not been documented.
